Title | Dynamic Warp Formation and Scheduling for Efficient GPU Control Flow |
Publication Type | Conference Paper |
Year of Publication | 2007 |
Authors | Fung, W. W. L., I. Sham, G. Yuan, and T. M. Aamodt |
Conference Name | Microarchitecture, 2007. MICRO 2007. 40th Annual IEEE/ACM International Symposium on |
Pagination | 407 -420 |
Date Published | dec. |
Keywords | computer graphic equipment, data flow computing, dynamic scheduling, dynamic warp formation, GPU control flow instructions, GPU instruction set architecture, graphics processing units, instruction sets, parallel architectures, pipeline processing, SIMD branch execution, SIMD pipelines, single-instruction multiple-data pipelines |
Abstract | Recent advances in graphics processing units (GPUs) have resulted in massively parallel hardware that is easily programmable and widely available in commodity desktop computer systems. GPUs typically use single-instruction, multiple-data (SIMD) pipelines to achieve high performance with minimal overhead incurred by control hardware. Scalar threads are grouped together into SIMD batches, sometimes referred to as warps. While SIMD is ideally suited for simple programs, recent GPUs include control flow instructions in the GPU instruction set architecture and programs using these instructions may experience reduced performance due to the way branch execution is supported by hardware. One approach is to add a stack to allow different SIMD processing elements to execute distinct program paths after a branch instruction. The occurrence of diverging branch outcomes for different processing elements significantly degrades performance. In this paper, we explore mechanisms for more efficient SIMD branch execution on GPUs. We show that a realistic hardware implementation that dynamically regroups threads into new warps on the fly following the occurrence of diverging branch outcomes improves performance by an average of 20.7% for an estimated area increase of 4.7%. |
URL | http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/MICRO.2007.30 |
DOI | 10.1109/MICRO.2007.30 |